Android之Menu
最后更新于：2022-04-01 14:27:27
### 1、选项菜单（OptionsMenu）：
（1）创建选项菜单：重写onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu)： 1)通过xml设置MenuInflater.inflate(); 2)动态设置；
（2）设置菜单项点击事件：onOptionsItemSelected();
（3）通过xml设置MenuInflater.inflate();
res ——> menu ——>main.xml
~~~
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<item
android:id="@+id/action_settings1"
android:orderInCategory="100"
android:showAsAction="never"
android:title="菜单一"/>
<item
android:id="@+id/action_settings2"
android:orderInCategory="100"
android:showAsAction="never"
android:title="菜单二"/>
</menu>
~~~
MainActivity.java
~~~
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
// 创建选项菜单
// (1)通过xml设置MenuInflater.inflate();
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
return true;
}
// 设置菜单项点击事件：onOptionsItemSelected();
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.action_settings1:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了菜单项一", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case R.id.action_settings2:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了菜单项二", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
~~~
（4）动态添加菜单项
MainActivity.java
~~~
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
//menu.add(groupId, itemId, order, title):返回值是MenuItem
//(2)动态设置
MenuItem menuItem = menu.add(1, 100, 1, "菜单一");
menuItem.setTitle("Menu一");
menuItem.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher); //API>=11时不显示图标
menu.add(1, 101, 2, "菜单二");
menu.add(1, 102, 3, "菜单三");
menu.add(1, 103, 4, "菜单四");
return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case 100:
Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,Menu1.class);
item.setIntent(intent); //设置点击跳转页面
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了菜单项一", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case 101:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了菜单项二", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case 102:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了菜单项三", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case 103:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了菜单项四", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
~~~
### 2、上下文菜单（ContextMenu）
在一个Activity里面只有一个“选项菜单”，它是针对整个Activity的。如果长按Activity里面的某个View（ListView、GridView等），也会弹出一个菜单操作，这个就是上下文菜单。
（1）创建方法：
1）首先给View（ListView、GridView等）注册上下文菜单registerForContextMenu()；
2）添加上下文菜单内容onCreateContextMenu()； A.通过加载xml文件中的菜单项； B.通过代码动态添加；
3）设置菜单点击后的响应事件：onContextItemSelected()；
~~~
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private ListView listView;
private SimpleAdapter simpleAdapter;
private List<Map<String, Object>> data;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listView);
data = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
simpleAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, getData(), R.layout.item,
new String[] { "image", "text" }, new int[] { R.id.imageView,
R.id.textView });
listView.setAdapter(simpleAdapter);
// 为ListVIew注册上下文菜单
this.registerForContextMenu(listView);
}
private List<Map<String, Object>> getData() {
Map<String, Object> map1 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map1.put("image", R.drawable.calendar);
map1.put("text", "日历");
data.add(map1);
Map<String, Object> map2 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map2.put("image", R.drawable.camera);
map2.put("text", "照相机");
data.add(map2);
Map<String, Object> map3 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map3.put("image", R.drawable.clock);
map3.put("text", "时钟");
data.add(map3);
Map<String, Object> map4 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map4.put("image", R.drawable.games_control);
map4.put("text", "游戏");
data.add(map4);
Map<String, Object> map5 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map5.put("image", R.drawable.world);
map5.put("text", "地图");
data.add(map5);
return data;
}
//选项菜单
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
}
// 重写上下文菜单
@Override
public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v,
ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
menu.setHeaderTitle("应用程序扩展操作");
menu.setHeaderIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
//动态添加菜单项
//menu.add(1, 100, 1, "粘贴");
//menu.add(1, 101, 1, "复制");
//menu.add(1, 102, 1, "剪切");
//menu.add(1, 103, 1, "重命名");
//通过XML加载菜单项
MenuInflater inflater=getMenuInflater();
inflater.inflate(R.menu.main_context, menu);
}
// 设置上下文菜单的点击事件
@Override
public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
/*switch (item.getItemId()) {
case 100:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "点击了粘贴", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case 101:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "点击了复制", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case 102:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "点击了剪切", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case 103:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "点击了重命名", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
}*/
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.action_settings1:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "点击了粘贴", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case R.id.action_settings2:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "点击了复制", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case R.id.action_settings3:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "点击了剪切", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case R.id.action_settings4:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "点击了重命名", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
}
return super.onContextItemSelected(item);
}
}
~~~
### 3、子菜单（SubMenu）
res——》menu——》main.xml（子菜单的布局方法）
~~~
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<item
android:showAsAction="never"
android:title="文件">
<menu >
<item
android:id="@+id/new_file"
android:showAsAction="never"
android:title="新建"/>
<item
android:id="@+id/open_file"
android:showAsAction="never"
android:title="打开"/>
<item
android:id="@+id/save_file"
android:showAsAction="never"
android:title="保存"/>
<item
android:id="@+id/rename_file"
android:showAsAction="never"
android:title="重命名"/>
</menu>
</item>
<item
android:showAsAction="never"
android:title="编辑">
<menu >
<item
android:id="@+id/v_file"
android:showAsAction="never"
android:title="粘贴"/>
<item
android:id="@+id/c_edit"
android:showAsAction="never"
android:title="复制"/>
<item
android:id="@+id/x_edit"
android:showAsAction="never"
android:title="剪切"/>
<item
android:id="@+id/rename_edit"
android:showAsAction="never"
android:title="重命名"/>
</menu>
</item>
</menu>
~~~
MainActivity.java（以下代码将动态添加子菜单注释起来了）
~~~
package com.example.testsubmenu;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.SubMenu;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
// getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
//动态添加子菜单项
/*SubMenu subMenu1 = menu.addSubMenu("文件");
SubMenu subMenu2 = menu.addSubMenu("编辑");
subMenu1.setHeaderTitle("文件操作");
subMenu1.setHeaderIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
subMenu1.add(1, 100, 1, "新建");
subMenu1.add(1, 101, 1, "打开");
subMenu1.add(1, 102, 1, "保存");
subMenu1.add(1, 103, 1, "重命名");
subMenu2.setHeaderTitle("编辑操作");
subMenu2.setHeaderIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
subMenu2.add(2, 100, 1, "粘贴");
subMenu2.add(2, 101, 1, "复制");
subMenu2.add(2, 102, 1, "剪切");
subMenu2.add(2, 103, 1, "重命名");*/
//通过加载XML静态加载子菜单
MenuInflater menuInflater=getMenuInflater();
menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//动态的点击事件
/*if (item.getGroupId()==1) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case 100:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了新建", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case 101:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了打开", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case 102:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了保存", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case 103:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了重命名", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
}
}
else {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case 100:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了粘贴", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case 101:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了复制", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case 102:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了剪切", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case 103:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了重命名", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
}
}*/
//静态的点击事件
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.new_file:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了新建", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case R.id.open_file:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了打开", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case R.id.save_file:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了保存", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case R.id.rename_file:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了重命名", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case R.id.v_file:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了粘贴", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case R.id.c_edit:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了复制", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case R.id.x_edit:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了剪切", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case R.id.rename_edit:
Toast.makeText(this, "点击了重命名", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
}
~~~