Bootstrap的aria-label和aria-labelledby

最后更新于:2022-04-01 11:55:39

### aria-label 正常情况下,form表单的input组件都有对应的label.当input组件获取到焦点时,屏幕阅读器会读出相应的label里的文本。 如: ~~~ <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset = "utf-8"> <title>demo</title> <link href="bootstrap-3.3.4-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <style type="text/css"> body{padding: 20px;} </style> </head> <body> <form role = "form"> <div class="form-group col-lg-3 form-horizontal"> <label for = "idCard" class="control-label col-lg-5">身份证号:</label> <div class="col-lg-7"> <input type = "text" id = "idCard" class="form-control"> </div> </div> </form> </body> </html> ~~~ ![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/2016-04-07_570603f5aff6c.jpg) 但是如果我们没有给输入框设置label时,当其获得焦点时,屏幕阅读器会读出aria-label属性的值,aria-label不会在视觉上呈现效果。 如: ~~~ <body> <form role = "form"> <div class="form-group col-lg-3 form-horizontal"> <div class="col-lg-7"> <input type = "text" id = "idCard" class="form-control" aria-label = "身份证号"> </div> </div> </form> </body> ~~~ ![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/2016-04-07_570603f5bf643.jpg) ###aria-labelledby属性 当想要的标签文本已在其他元素中存在时,可以使用aria-labelledby,并将其值为所有读取的元素的id。如下: 当ul获取到焦点时,屏幕阅读器是会读:“选择您的职位” ~~~ <body> <div class="dropdown"> <button type="button" class="btn dropdown-toggle" id="dropdownMenu1" data-toggle="dropdown"> 选择您的职位 <span class="caret"></span> </button> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1"> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">测试工程师</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">开发工程师</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">销售工程师</a> </li> </ul> </div> </body> ~~~ ![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/2016-04-07_570603f5d1ffd.jpg) PS:如果一个元素同时有aria-labelledby和aria-label,读屏软件会优先读出aria-labelledby的内容
';