Bootstrap的aria-label和aria-labelledby
最后更新于:2022-04-01 11:55:39
### aria-label
正常情况下,form表单的input组件都有对应的label.当input组件获取到焦点时,屏幕阅读器会读出相应的label里的文本。
如:
~~~
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset = "utf-8">
<title>demo</title>
<link href="bootstrap-3.3.4-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<style type="text/css">
body{padding: 20px;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<form role = "form">
<div class="form-group col-lg-3 form-horizontal">
<label for = "idCard" class="control-label col-lg-5">身份证号:</label>
<div class="col-lg-7">
<input type = "text" id = "idCard" class="form-control">
</div>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
~~~
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/2016-04-07_570603f5aff6c.jpg)
但是如果我们没有给输入框设置label时,当其获得焦点时,屏幕阅读器会读出aria-label属性的值,aria-label不会在视觉上呈现效果。
如:
~~~
<body>
<form role = "form">
<div class="form-group col-lg-3 form-horizontal">
<div class="col-lg-7">
<input type = "text" id = "idCard" class="form-control" aria-label = "身份证号">
</div>
</div>
</form>
</body>
~~~
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/2016-04-07_570603f5bf643.jpg)
###aria-labelledby属性
当想要的标签文本已在其他元素中存在时,可以使用aria-labelledby,并将其值为所有读取的元素的id。如下:
当ul获取到焦点时,屏幕阅读器是会读:“选择您的职位”
~~~
<body>
<div class="dropdown">
<button type="button" class="btn dropdown-toggle" id="dropdownMenu1"
data-toggle="dropdown">
选择您的职位
<span class="caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1">
<li role="presentation">
<a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">测试工程师</a>
</li>
<li role="presentation">
<a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">开发工程师</a>
</li>
<li role="presentation">
<a role="menuitem" tabindex="-1" href="#">销售工程师</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</body>
~~~
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/2016-04-07_570603f5d1ffd.jpg)
PS:如果一个元素同时有aria-labelledby和aria-label,读屏软件会优先读出aria-labelledby的内容