2.4 use方法
最后更新于:2022-04-01 01:02:23
use是express调用中间件的方法,它返回一个函数。下面是一个连续调用两个中间件的例子。
~~~
var express = require("express");
var http = require("http");
var app = express();
app.use(function(request, response, next) {
console.log("In comes a " + request.method + " to " + request.url);
next();
});
app.use(function(request, response) {
response.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
response.end("Hello world!\n");
});
http.createServer(app).listen(1337);
~~~
上面代码先调用第一个中间件,在控制台输出一行信息,然后通过next方法,调用第二个中间件,输出HTTP回应。由于第二个中间件没有调用next方法,所以不再request对象就不再向后传递了。
使用use方法,可以根据请求的网址,返回不同的网页内容。
~~~
var express = require("express");
var http = require("http");
var app = express();
app.use(function(request, response, next) {
if (request.url == "/") {
response.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
response.end("Welcome to the homepage!\n");
} else {
next();
}
});
app.use(function(request, response, next) {
if (request.url == "/about") {
response.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
} else {
next();
}
});
app.use(function(request, response) {
response.writeHead(404, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
response.end("404 error!\n");
});
http.createServer(app).listen(1337);
~~~
上面代码通过request.url属性,判断请求的网址,从而返回不同的内容。
除了在回调函数内部,判断请求的网址,Express也允许将请求的网址写在use方法的第一个参数。
~~~
app.use('/', someMiddleware);
~~~
上面代码表示,只对根目录的请求,调用某个中间件。
因此,上面的代码可以写成下面的样子。
~~~
var express = require("express");
var http = require("http");
var app = express();
app.use("/", function(request, response, next) {
response.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
response.end("Welcome to the homepage!\n");
});
app.use("/about", function(request, response, next) {
response.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
response.end("Welcome to the about page!\n");
});
app.use(function(request, response) {
response.writeHead(404, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
response.end("404 error!\n");
});
http.createServer(app).listen(1337);
~~~