数据缓存
最后更新于：2022-04-01 22:46:04
## 数据缓存
大部分接口应该在响应头中携带 `Last-Modified`, `ETag`, `Vary`, `Date` 信息，客户端可以在随后请求这些资源的时候，在请求头中使用 `If-Modified-Since`, `If-None-Match` 等请求头来确认资源是否经过修改。
如果资源没有进行过修改，那么就可以响应 `304 Not Modified` 并且不在响应实体中返回任何内容。
~~~
$ curl -i http://api.example.com/#{RESOURCE_URI}
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Cache-Control: public, max-age=60
Date: Thu, 05 Jul 2012 15:31:30 GMT
Vary: Accept, Authorization
ETag: "644b5b0155e6404a9cc4bd9d8b1ae730"
Last-Modified: Thu, 05 Jul 2012 15:31:30 GMT
Content
~~~
~~~
$ curl -i http://api.example.com/#{RESOURCE_URI} -H "If-Modified-Since: Thu, 05 Jul 2012 15:31:30 GMT"
HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified
Cache-Control: public, max-age=60
Date: Thu, 05 Jul 2012 15:31:45 GMT
Vary: Accept, Authorization
Last-Modified: Thu, 05 Jul 2012 15:31:30 GMT
~~~
~~~
$ curl -i http://api.example.com/#{RESOURCE_URI} -H 'If-None-Match: "644b5b0155e6404a9cc4bd9d8b1ae730"'
HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified
Cache-Control: public, max-age=60
Date: Thu, 05 Jul 2012 15:31:55 GMT
Vary: Accept, Authorization
ETag: "644b5b0155e6404a9cc4bd9d8b1ae730"
Last-Modified: Thu, 05 Jul 2012 15:31:30 GMT
~~~
相关资料：
* [RFC 7232](http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7232)
* [HTTP 缓存 - Google Developers](https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/performance/optimizing-content-efficiency/http-caching?hl=zh-cn)
* [RFC 2616 中缓存过期时间的算法](http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2616#section-13.2.3), [MDN 版](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Caching_FAQ), [中文版](http://blog.csdn.net/woxueliuyun/article/details/41077671)
* [HTTP 协议中 Vary 的一些研究](https://www.imququ.com/post/vary-header-in-http.html)
* [Cache Control 與 ETag](https://blog.othree.net/log/2012/12/22/cache-control-and-etag/)
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