轻松把玩HttpClient之配置ssl,采用设置信任自签名证书实现https

最后更新于:2022-04-01 22:59:48

     版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,未经博主允许不得转载。如需转载请声明:【转自 http://blog.csdn.net/xiaoxian8023 】      在上篇文章《[HttpClient配置ssl实现https简单示例——绕过证书验证](http://blog.csdn.net/xiaoxian8023/article/details/49865335)》中简单分享了一下如何绕过证书验证。如果你想用httpclient访问一个网站,但是对方的证书没有通过ca认证或者其他问题导致证书不被信任,比如12306的证书就是这样的。所以对于这样的情况,你只能是选择绕过证书验证的方案了。      但是,如果是自己用jdk或者其他工具生成的证书,还是希望用其他方式认证自签名的证书,这篇文章就来分享一下如何设置信任自签名的证书。当然你也可以参考[官网示例](http://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-4.5.x/httpclient/examples/org/apache/http/examples/client/ClientCustomSSL.java)中。      要想信任自签名的证书,必须得知道密钥库的路径及密钥库的密码。然后加载到程序来才可以。具体代码如下: ~~~ /** * 设置信任自签名证书 * * @param keyStorePath 密钥库路径 * @param keyStorepass 密钥库密码 * @return */ public static SSLContext custom(String keyStorePath, String keyStorepass){ SSLContext sc = null; FileInputStream instream = null; KeyStore trustStore = null; try { trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType()); instream = new FileInputStream(new File(keyStorePath)); trustStore.load(instream, keyStorepass.toCharArray()); // 相信自己的CA和所有自签名的证书 sc = SSLContexts.custom().loadTrustMaterial(trustStore, new TrustSelfSignedStrategy()).build(); } catch (KeyStoreException | NoSuchAlgorithmException| CertificateException | IOException | KeyManagementException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { instream.close(); } catch (IOException e) { } } return sc; } ~~~      然后修改原来的send方法: ~~~ /** * 模拟请求 * * @param url 资源地址 * @param map 参数列表 * @param encoding 编码 * @return * @throws ParseException * @throws IOException * @throws KeyManagementException * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException * @throws ClientProtocolException */ public static String send(String url, Map map,String encoding) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException { String body = ""; //tomcat是我自己的密钥库的密码,你可以替换成自己的 //如果密码为空,则用"nopassword"代替 SSLContext sslcontext = custom("D:\\keys\\wsriakey", "tomcat"); // 设置协议http和https对应的处理socket链接工厂的对象 Registry socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.create() .register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE) .register("https", new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslcontext)) .build(); PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry); HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connManager); //创建自定义的httpclient对象 CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connManager).build(); // CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault(); //创建post方式请求对象 HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); //装填参数 List nvps = new ArrayList(); if(map!=null){ for (Entry entry : map.entrySet()) { nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue())); } } //设置参数到请求对象中 httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, encoding)); System.out.println("请求地址:"+url); System.out.println("请求参数:"+nvps.toString()); //设置header信息 //指定报文头【Content-type】、【User-Agent】 httpPost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); httpPost.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows NT; DigExt)"); //执行请求操作,并拿到结果(同步阻塞) CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(httpPost); //获取结果实体 HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); if (entity != null) { //按指定编码转换结果实体为String类型 body = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encoding); } EntityUtils.consume(entity); //释放链接 response.close(); return body; } ~~~      测试一下吧: ~~~ public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException, IOException, KeyManagementException, NoSuchAlgorithmException{ String url = "https://sso.tgb.com:8443/cas/login"; String body = send(url, null, "utf-8"); System.out.println("交易响应结果长度:"+body.length()); System.out.println("-----------------------------------"); url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/"; body = send(url, null, "utf-8"); System.out.println("交易响应结果长度:"+body.length()); } ~~~      测试结果: ![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/2016-02-18_56c53cb7ae964.jpg)      从结果中,我们很清楚的看到,使用自签名的证书,访问自签名的网站可以正常访问,访问12306则会失败。所以自签名的也只能用于自定义密钥和证书的情况下使用。而12306这种情况还是要用上一篇提到的“[绕过证书验证](http://blog.csdn.net/xiaoxian8023/article/details/49865335)”方案。
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