数据供给器
最后更新于:2022-04-01 03:44:28
# 数据供给器
测试方法可以接受任意参数。这些参数由数据供给器方法(在 [Example 2.5, “使用返回数组的数组的数据供给器”](# "Example 2.5. 使用返回数组的数组的数据供给器")中,是 `additionProvider()` 方法)提供。用 `@dataProvider` 标注来指定使用哪个数据供给器方法。
数据供给器方法必须声明为 `public`,其返回值要么是一个数组,其每个元素也是数组;要么是一个实现了 `Iterator` 接口的对象,在对它进行迭代时每步产生一个数组。每个数组都是测试数据集的一部分,将以它的内容作为参数来调用测试方法。
**Example 2.5. 使用返回数组的数组的数据供给器**
~~~
<?php
class DataTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
/**
* @dataProvider additionProvider
*/
public function testAdd($a, $b, $expected)
{
$this->assertEquals($expected, $a + $b);
}
public function additionProvider()
{
return array(
array(0, 0, 0),
array(0, 1, 1),
array(1, 0, 1),
array(1, 1, 3)
);
}
}
?>
~~~
~~~
phpunit DataTest
PHPUnit 5.0.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.
...F
Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.75Mb
There was 1 failure:
1) DataTest::testAdd with data set #3 (1, 1, 3)
Failed asserting that 2 matches expected 3.
/home/sb/DataTest.php:9
FAILURES!
Tests: 4, Assertions: 4, Failures: 1.
~~~
当使用到大量数据集时,最好逐个用字符串键名对其命名,避免用默认的数字键名。这样输出信息会更加详细些,其中将包含打断测试的数据集所对应的名称。
**Example 2.6. 使用带有命名数据集的数据供给器**
~~~
<?php
class DataTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
/**
* @dataProvider additionProvider
*/
public function testAdd($a, $b, $expected)
{
$this->assertEquals($expected, $a + $b);
}
public function additionProvider()
{
return array(
'adding zeros' => array(0, 0, 0),
'zero plus one' => array(0, 1, 1),
'one plus zero' => array(1, 0, 1),
'one plus one' => array(1, 1, 3)
);
}
}
?>
~~~
~~~
phpunit DataTest
PHPUnit 5.0.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.
...F
Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.75Mb
There was 1 failure:
1) DataTest::testAdd with data set "one plus one" (1, 1, 3)
Failed asserting that 2 matches expected 3.
/home/sb/DataTest.php:9
FAILURES!
Tests: 4, Assertions: 4, Failures: 1.
~~~
**Example 2.7. 使用返回迭代器对象的数据供给器**
~~~
<?php
require 'CsvFileIterator.php';
class DataTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
/**
* @dataProvider additionProvider
*/
public function testAdd($a, $b, $expected)
{
$this->assertEquals($expected, $a + $b);
}
public function additionProvider()
{
return new CsvFileIterator('data.csv');
}
}
?>
~~~
~~~
phpunit DataTest
PHPUnit 5.0.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.
...F
Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.75Mb
There was 1 failure:
1) DataTest::testAdd with data set #3 ('1', '1', '3')
Failed asserting that 2 matches expected '3'.
/home/sb/DataTest.php:11
FAILURES!
Tests: 4, Assertions: 4, Failures: 1.
~~~
**Example 2.8. CsvFileIterator 类**
~~~
<?php
class CsvFileIterator implements Iterator {
protected $file;
protected $key = 0;
protected $current;
public function __construct($file) {
$this->file = fopen($file, 'r');
}
public function __destruct() {
fclose($this->file);
}
public function rewind() {
rewind($this->file);
$this->current = fgetcsv($this->file);
$this->key = 0;
}
public function valid() {
return !feof($this->file);
}
public function key() {
return $this->key;
}
public function current() {
return $this->current;
}
public function next() {
$this->current = fgetcsv($this->file);
$this->key++;
}
}
?>
~~~
如果测试同时从 `@dataProvider` 方法和一个或多个 `@depends` 测试接收数据,那么来自于数据供给器的参数将先于来自所依赖的测试的。来自于所依赖的测试的参数对于每个数据集都是一样的。参见[Example 2.9, “在同一个测试中组合使用 @depends 和 @dataProvider”](# "Example 2.9. 在同一个测试中组合使用 @depends 和 @dataProvider")
**Example 2.9. 在同一个测试中组合使用 @depends 和 @dataProvider**
~~~
<?php
class DependencyAndDataProviderComboTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
public function provider()
{
return array(array('provider1'), array('provider2'));
}
public function testProducerFirst()
{
$this->assertTrue(true);
return 'first';
}
public function testProducerSecond()
{
$this->assertTrue(true);
return 'second';
}
/**
* @depends testProducerFirst
* @depends testProducerSecond
* @dataProvider provider
*/
public function testConsumer()
{
$this->assertEquals(
array('provider1', 'first', 'second'),
func_get_args()
);
}
}
?>
~~~
~~~
phpunit --verbose DependencyAndDataProviderComboTest
PHPUnit 5.0.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.
...F
Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 3.50Mb
There was 1 failure:
1) DependencyAndDataProviderComboTest::testConsumer with data set #1 ('provider2')
Failed asserting that two arrays are equal.
--- Expected
+++ Actual
@@ @@
Array (
- 0 => 'provider1'
+ 0 => 'provider2'
1 => 'first'
2 => 'second'
)
/home/sb/DependencyAndDataProviderComboTest.php:31
FAILURES!
Tests: 4, Assertions: 4, Failures: 1.
~~~
>[info] ### Note
> 如果一个测试依赖于另外一个使用了数据供给器的测试,仅当被依赖的测试至少能在一组数据上成功时,依赖于它的测试才会运行。使用了数据供给器的测试,其运行结果是无法注入到依赖于此测试的其他测试中的。
>
> 所有的数据供给器方法的执行都是在对 `setUpBeforeClass` 静态方法的调用和第一次对 `setUp` 方法的调用之前完成的。因此,无法在数据供给器中使用创建于这两个方法内的变量。这是必须的,这样 PHPUnit 才能计算测试的总数量。