过滤器模式

最后更新于：2022-03-27 00:24:22

过滤器模式

过滤器模式（Filter Pattern）或标准模式（Criteria Pattern）是一种设计模式，这种模式允许开发人员使用不同的标准来过滤一组对象，通过逻辑运算以解耦的方式把它们连接起来。这种类型的设计模式属于结构型模式，它结合多个标准来获得单一标准。

实现

我们将创建一个 Person 对象、Criteria 接口和实现了该接口的实体类，来过滤 Person 对象的列表。CriteriaPatternDemo 类使用 Criteria 对象，基于各种标准和它们的结合来过滤 Person 对象的列表。

过滤器模式的 UML 图

步骤 1

创建一个类，在该类上应用标准。

Person.java

public class Person {

private String name;
private String gender;
private String maritalStatus;

public Person(String name,String gender,String maritalStatus){
this.name = name;
this.gender = gender;
this.maritalStatus = maritalStatus;
}

public String getName() {
return name;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public String getMaritalStatus() {
return maritalStatus;
}
}

步骤 2

为标准（Criteria）创建一个接口。

Criteria.java

import java.util.List;

public interface Criteria {
public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons);
}

步骤 3

创建实现了 Criteria 接口的实体类。

CriteriaMale.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class CriteriaMale implements Criteria {

@Override
public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
List<Person> malePersons = new ArrayList<Person>();
for (Person person : persons) {
if(person.getGender().equalsIgnoreCase("MALE")){
malePersons.add(person);
}
}
return malePersons;
}
}

CriteriaFemale.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class CriteriaFemale implements Criteria {

@Override
public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
List<Person> femalePersons = new ArrayList<Person>();
for (Person person : persons) {
if(person.getGender().equalsIgnoreCase("FEMALE")){
femalePersons.add(person);
}
}
return femalePersons;
}
}

CriteriaSingle.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class CriteriaSingle implements Criteria {

@Override
public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
List<Person> singlePersons = new ArrayList<Person>();
for (Person person : persons) {
if(person.getMaritalStatus().equalsIgnoreCase("SINGLE")){
singlePersons.add(person);
}
}
return singlePersons;
}
}

AndCriteria.java

import java.util.List;

public class AndCriteria implements Criteria {

private Criteria criteria;
private Criteria otherCriteria;

public AndCriteria(Criteria criteria, Criteria otherCriteria) {
this.criteria = criteria;
this.otherCriteria = otherCriteria;
}

@Override
public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
List<Person> firstCriteriaPersons = criteria.meetCriteria(persons);
return otherCriteria.meetCriteria(firstCriteriaPersons);
}
}

OrCriteria.java

import java.util.List;

public class OrCriteria implements Criteria {

private Criteria criteria;
private Criteria otherCriteria;

public OrCriteria(Criteria criteria, Criteria otherCriteria) {
this.criteria = criteria;
this.otherCriteria = otherCriteria;
}

@Override
public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
List<Person> firstCriteriaItems = criteria.meetCriteria(persons);
List<Person> otherCriteriaItems = otherCriteria.meetCriteria(persons);

for (Person person : otherCriteriaItems) {
if(!firstCriteriaItems.contains(person)){
firstCriteriaItems.add(person);
}
}
return firstCriteriaItems;
}
}

步骤4

使用不同的标准（Criteria）和它们的结合来过滤 Person 对象的列表。

CriteriaPatternDemo.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class CriteriaPatternDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Person> persons = new ArrayList<Person>();

persons.add(new Person("Robert","Male", "Single"));
persons.add(new Person("John","Male", "Married"));
persons.add(new Person("Laura","Female", "Married"));
persons.add(new Person("Diana","Female", "Single"));
persons.add(new Person("Mike","Male", "Single"));
persons.add(new Person("Bobby","Male", "Single"));

Criteria male = new CriteriaMale();
Criteria female = new CriteriaFemale();
Criteria single = new CriteriaSingle();
Criteria singleMale = new AndCriteria(single, male);
Criteria singleOrFemale = new OrCriteria(single, female);

System.out.println("Males: ");
printPersons(male.meetCriteria(persons));

System.out.println("\nFemales: ");
printPersons(female.meetCriteria(persons));

System.out.println("\nSingle Males: ");
printPersons(singleMale.meetCriteria(persons));

System.out.println("\nSingle Or Females: ");
printPersons(singleOrFemale.meetCriteria(persons));
}

public static void printPersons(List<Person> persons){
for (Person person : persons) {
System.out.println("Person : [ Name : " + person.getName()
+", Gender : " + person.getGender()
+", Marital Status : " + person.getMaritalStatus()
+" ]");
}
}
}

步骤 5

执行程序，输出结果：

Males: 
Person : [ Name : Robert, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : John, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Married ]
Person : [ Name : Mike, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Bobby, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]

Females: 
Person : [ Name : Laura, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Married ]
Person : [ Name : Diana, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Single ]

Single Males: 
Person : [ Name : Robert, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Mike, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Bobby, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]

Single Or Females: 
Person : [ Name : Robert, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Diana, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Mike, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Bobby, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Laura, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Married ]