Python:通过自定义系统级快捷键来控制程序运行
最后更新于：2022-04-01 19:40:13
晚上学习了下python定义系统级快捷键的方法，这里说的系统级快捷键指的是,如果当前程序窗口不为激活窗口，也能收到快捷键消息，实现的是一个控制键盘和鼠标监听的程序，如，按下Ctrl + F3,程序开始记录监控日志。本来想实现按下Ctrl + F4程序程序停止记录日志，但测试时遇到了一个没有目前还没有想到解决办法的问题，先看实现。
### 一、代码：
~~~
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import pythoncom
import pyHook
import time
import pyhk
import os
import sys
import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes
import win32con
class CInspectKeyAndMouseEvent:
'''
Function:键盘和鼠标监控类
Input：NONE
Output: NONE
author: socrates
blog:http://blog.csdn.net/dyx1024
date:2012-03-09
'''
def __init__(self, filename):
self.filename = filename
def open_file(self):
self.fobj = open(self.filename, 'w')
def close_file(self):
self.fobj.close()
def onMouseEvent(self, event):
"处理鼠标事件"
self.fobj.writelines('-' * 20 + 'MouseEvent Begin' + '-' * 20 + '\n')
self.fobj.writelines("Current Time:%s\n" % time.strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime()))
self.fobj.writelines("MessageName:%s\n" % str(event.MessageName))
self.fobj.writelines("Message:%d\n" % event.Message)
self.fobj.writelines("Time_sec:%d\n" % event.Time)
self.fobj.writelines("Window:%s\n" % str(event.Window))
self.fobj.writelines("WindowName:%s\n" % str(event.WindowName))
self.fobj.writelines("Position:%s\n" % str(event.Position))
self.fobj.writelines('-' * 20 + 'MouseEvent End' + '-' * 20 + '\n')
return True
def onKeyboardEvent(self, event):
"处理键盘事件"
self.fobj.writelines('-' * 20 + 'Keyboard Begin' + '-' * 20 + '\n')
self.fobj.writelines("Current Time:%s\n" % time.strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime()))
self.fobj.writelines("MessageName:%s\n" % str(event.MessageName))
self.fobj.writelines("Message:%d\n" % event.Message)
self.fobj.writelines("Time:%d\n" % event.Time)
self.fobj.writelines("Window:%s\n" % str(event.Window))
self.fobj.writelines("WindowName:%s\n" % str(event.WindowName))
self.fobj.writelines("Ascii_code: %d\n" % event.Ascii)
self.fobj.writelines("Ascii_char:%s\n" % chr(event.Ascii))
self.fobj.writelines("Key:%s\n" % str(event.Key))
self.fobj.writelines('-' * 20 + 'Keyboard End' + '-' * 20 + '\n')
return True
def InspectKeyAndMouseEvent(bRunTag = False):
""
if bRunTag:
my_event = CInspectKeyAndMouseEvent("D:\\hook_log.txt")
my_event.open_file()
#创建hook句柄
hm = pyHook.HookManager()
#监控键盘
hm.KeyDown = my_event.onKeyboardEvent
hm.HookKeyboard()
#监控鼠标
hm.MouseAll = my_event.onMouseEvent
hm.HookMouse()
#循环获取消息
pythoncom.PumpMessages()
my_event.close_file()
else: #程序走不到这里，直接在PumpMessages处不停地监听
os._exit(0)
def handle_start_InspecEvent():
"开始监控（按下Ctrl + F3）"
InspectKeyAndMouseEvent(True)
def handle_stop_InspecEvent():
"停止监控 (按下Ctrl + F4)"
InspectKeyAndMouseEvent(False)
if __name__ == "__main__":
'''
Function:通过快捷键控制程序运行
Input：NONE
Output: NONE
author: socrates
blog:http://blog.csdn.net/dyx1024
date:2012-03-09
'''
byref = ctypes.byref
user32 = ctypes.windll.user32
#定义快捷键
HOTKEYS = {
1 : (win32con.VK_F3, win32con.MOD_CONTROL),
2 : (win32con.VK_F4, win32con.MOD_CONTROL)
}
#快捷键对应的驱动函数
HOTKEY_ACTIONS = {
1 : handle_start_InspecEvent,
2 : handle_stop_InspecEvent
}
#注册快捷键
for id, (vk, modifiers) in HOTKEYS.items ():
if not user32.RegisterHotKey (None, id, modifiers, vk):
print "Unable to register id", id
#启动监听
try:
msg = wintypes.MSG ()
while user32.GetMessageA (byref (msg), None, 0, 0) != 0:
if msg.message == win32con.WM_HOTKEY:
action_to_take = HOTKEY_ACTIONS.get (msg.wParam)
if action_to_take:
action_to_take ()
user32.TranslateMessage (byref (msg))
user32.DispatchMessageA (byref (msg))
finally:
for id in HOTKEYS.keys ():
user32.UnregisterHotKey (None, id)
~~~
### 二、测试
按下Ctrl + F3后，程序开始记录日志，正常。
按下Ctrl + F4后，程序并没有停止记录日志，异常。因为在记录日志时，启动了pythoncom.PumpMessages()，不停地循环来获取消息，程序不能继续往下走。目前还没有想到解决方案，明天接着想想看有没有什么好的方法。
';