Android应用程序输入事件分发和处理机制
最后更新于:2022-04-02 05:02:16
### **概述**
在Android应用程序中,有一类特殊的消息,是专门负责与用户进行交互的,它们就是触摸屏和键盘等输入事件。触摸屏和键盘事件是统一由系统输入管理器InputManager进行分发的。也就是说,InputManager负责从硬件接收输入事件,然后再将接收到的输入事件分发当前激活的窗口处理。此外,InputManager也能接收模拟的输入事件,用来模拟用户触摸和点击等事件。当前激活的窗口所运行在的线程接收到InputManager分发过来的输入事件之后,会将它们封装成输入消息,然后交给当前获得焦点的控件处理。
主要讲Android应用程序输入事件的分发和处理过程,主要涉及到输入管理InputManager、输入事件监控线程InputReader、输入事件分发线程InputDispatcher,以及应用程序主线程消息循环。
* Android输入系统概述
* 输入管理器的启动过程
* 输入通道的注册过程
* 输入事件的分发过程
* 软键盘输入事件的分发过程
#### **Android输入系统概述**
**输入管理器框架**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/4f6d8b5f2b2dfd443090c6b272e25155_681x571.jpg)
**输入管理器与应用程序通过输入通道交互**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/69060a95c6b569044ba833adcff037e7_434x201.png)
**输入通道**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/f00c0230d6b40bc5635313bb1d541fdf_539x388.jpg)
> 注:mFd指向的是一个socket
#### **输入管理器的启动过程**
**由System Server创建和启动**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/0661dfeca45764716f4d05360862b7f0_662x548.png)
注:inputManager.setWindowManagerCallbacks:设置回调,例如用来截获输入事件
**创建InputManagerService**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/72e71fba156010b1c123e0b86820faf0_639x263.png)
**创建NativeInputManager**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/96fca6b31145c51cab0cddce78312892_894x296.png)
**创建InputManager、InputReader和InputDispatcher,以及InputReaderThread、 InputDispatcherThread**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/a42a83147dc6c29edd20ad370b992d9d_633x223.png)
**启动InputManagerService**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/72e71fba156010b1c123e0b86820faf0_639x263.png)
**启动NativeInputManager**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/96fca6b31145c51cab0cddce78312892_894x296.png)
**启动InputManager**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/8a782db31d2e53271d26fefce55534ca_808x293.png)
**启动InputDispatcher**
**InputDispatcher.dispatchOnce**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/52141b141aa8aeb871de3ade1fe714a6_769x410.png)
> 注:InputDispatcher负责分发IO事件,IO事件分为两种类型。一种普通的输入事件,另一种是输入设备本身的事件,例如,输入设备配置发生改变事件。普通的输入事件由dispatchOnceInnerLocked处理,输入设备事件由runCommandsLockedInterruptible处理。InputDispatcher本身也维护着两个队列,一个是mInboundQueue,保存的是普通的输入事件,另一个是mCommandQueue,保存的是输入设备事件。
**启动InputReader**
* **InputReaderThread.threadLoop**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/b3b603d72f8d5a63a4962c2bcfdf726f_362x78.png)
* **InputReader.loopOnce**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/c195f5c187f1d43f2c99f850b5ec0d12_797x561.png)
> 注:mNextTimeout:振动设备是按照一定的频率来进行的,这个频率就可以通过设置mNextTimeout来获得
* **EventHub.getEvents**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/d1e337233c2cf581f1f45da94da44654_898x576.png)
* **EventHub.scanDevicesLocked**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/49d976fcb4a4cad0c089858daa128884_521x201.png)
> 注:虚拟键盘:设备不一定有键盘,但是程序在测试的时候时候需要模拟键盘输入,这时候模拟的键盘输入就看作是从虚拟键盘发出的。EventHub只存一定会存在虚拟键盘。
* **EventHub.scanDirLocked**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/1f32e67f23bd6505f59b581be8d391ae_561x391.png)
> 注:可以用getevent –i命令来查看/dev/input目录下各个文件所对应的输入设备信息
* **EventHub.openDeviceLocked**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/3d8fb906ee897c6967794d1c60412a4b_717x576.png)
> 注:Key Map Configuraton File和Configuration File:保存在/system/usr或者/data/system/devices目录下
#### **输入通道的注册过程**
**Activity窗口的组成**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/07b0ecdff8c9064793b0f57e91fee43e_581x281.jpg)
> 注:InputChannel是在应用程序请求WMS创建一个Activity窗口时创建的,也就是调用ViewRootImpl.setView开始创建的,在这个过程中,也会同时注册InputChannel,包括Server端InputChannel和客户端InputChannel
**创建InputChannel **
* **ViewRootImpl.setView**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/f4f7a176405a74da9209eace18175465_744x482.png)
> 注:mInputQueueCallback不等于null表示由view自己来接管输入事件,否则的话就由ViewRootImpl来接管
* **Session.addToDisplay**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/8e5f8ae9a10d7e72542638bf23a2de93_796x212.png)
* **WMS.addWindow**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/4fa0a2c33d54b05e0ed7d0d80d7d9eba_775x575.png)
* **InputChannel.openInputChannelPair**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/f249c8e21305b8b459d7d4d0b53e627a_593x261.png)
* **nativeOpenInputChannelPair**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/9c6b18d1a115f0eaad45f761c88ee6df_752x308.png)
* **InputChannel::openInputChannelPair**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/6c9dd9017ea5c7c46024e5e37f5a14dd_675x432.png)
**注册Server端InputChannel**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/8dad7a2078e6ae737b4a2eb4832315d4_653x448.png)
> 注:win.mInputWindowHandle:窗口句柄,用来描述窗口的大小和位置等信息
* **IMS.registerInputChannel**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/0da664a739be6463d7dd1f5139c54636_671x243.png)
* **nativeRegisterInputChannel**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/764f59aebd9aa15405512c149b9a20ad_749x244.png)
* **NativeInputManager.registerInputChannel**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/b510b114dd5f02fa201931f3f3acb4e0_606x103.png)
* **InputDispatcher.registerInputChannel**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/a447aa5db2fa7ff2e59e6b62b9fcc9ca_759x464.png)
* **Looper.addFd**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/ce5f24ad89d000d80cffbda106827171_783x51.png)
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/0b1261c6e83aca4587bbab2cb66e78f9_805x539.png)
**更新当前激活窗口**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/5aa13d334d3ca065dddff724aa8cc923_659x447.png)
* **WMS.updateFoucsedWindowLocked**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/7b9d0fc1bc35840c783c026c3cc84000_730x272.png)
> 注:computeFocusedWindowLocked:从窗口堆栈从上到下搜索,如果它的宿主App是当前Focused的App,那么它就是Focused窗口。Focused App在窗口切换时已经确定
* **WMS. finishUpdateFocusedWindowAfterAssignLayersLocked**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/4a1ec3d3ead930dd95394ebf98e9c886_775x141.png)
* **InputMonitor.setInputFocusLw**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/971646614d40433bf7fa32e95b632c45_681x355.png)
> 注:这里传进来的参数updateInputWindows的值等于false,不会马上调用updateInputWindowsLw来更新窗口,但是接下来新的窗口请求WMS进行layout时,就会调用updateInputWindowsLw来更新窗口
* **InputMonitor. updateInputWindowsLw**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/1dfb1e5b6e767b285f8beff853abc625_700x547.png)
>注: universeBackground:类型为TYPE_UNIVERSE_BACKGROUND的窗口
> TYPE_UNIVERSE_BACKGROUND的窗口:Behind the universe of the real windows, in multiuser systems shows on all users’windows
* **InputManagerService.setInputWindows**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/9726c3e6618505b1c18b83ec3ceb20d7_642x166.png)
* **nativeSetInputWindows**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/3720113136e034fc41b6cb77aca29b3c_583x103.png)
* **NativeInputManager.setInputWindows**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/18196f14ddcf6dcabe7dc59c4daaa7c2_724x352.png)
* **InputDispatcher.setInputWindows**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/16b34ffb4ce46f2ebd1cd76b099d040a_785x480.png)
**注册Client端InputChannel**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/30983683431e69dd793148bb464f2e0b_631x413.png)
* **new WindowInputEventReceiver **
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/1c5df2506d93fb233c61fd34ff02e579_680x209.png)
* **new InputEventReceiver **
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/3b8dc3f8a04d3726e0acd7a96ef25294_600x243.png)
* **nativeInit**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/14d740ea5553e3fec753a9368a6b8545_798x257.png)
* **NativeInputEventReceiver.initialize**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/043b241cfffd7e7a07ce02dca750e2dc_711x81.png)
> 注:IO事件发生时, NativeInputEventReceriver::handleEvent将被调用
#### **输入事件的分发过程**
**输入事件处理框架**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/6320968a871a231e54a2a9664dd39fa5_516x252.png)
**InputReader获得输入事件**
* **InputReader获得输入事件--EventHub.getEvents**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/2a322d4c8d61c5b198df62cf3ea48945_731x615.png)
* **InputReader获得输入事件 – InputReader.loopOnce **
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/c195f5c187f1d43f2c99f850b5ec0d12_797x561.png)
* **InputReader获得输入事件 – InputReader.processEventsLocked **
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/9d8903fa554a0fec91d13bf84054f744_721x244.png)
* **InputReader获得输入事件 – InputReader.processEventsForDeviceLocked**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/b81291c54f609df62fbede4689ad9e39_651x278.png)
* **InputReader获得输入事件—InputDevice.process**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/e95f6a269f890a18b302327348aa790c_725x238.png)
* **InputReader获得输入事件—KeyboardInputMapper.process**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/50e8e925a99e1a1dc1c4a6d26eaa112f_852x358.png)
* **InputReader获得输入事件—KeyboardInputMapper.processKey**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/5f9b4bb4546a7b1887b8ac50f52e4c64_766x323.png)
* **InputReader获得输入事件—InputDispatcher.notifyKey**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/d988910226a1233737cfd68bb40acfc0_594x608.png)
* **InputReader获得输入事件—InputDispatcher. enqueueInboundKeyLocked**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/fdeed536c67d0b377e7132ca3cbd9ffe_1375x96.png)![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/68dc7bb8f1e3734c237024fd73e97303_623x89.png)
**InputDispatcher分发键盘事件**
* **InputDispatcher分发键盘事件 – InputDispatcher. dispatchOnceInnerLocked**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/e909047f55aade541344ccbac581245b_795x548.png)
* **InputDispatcher分发键盘事件 – InputDispatcher. dispatchKeyLocked**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/901a340a49d4993ba5ada26a93e000c4_738x496.png)
> 注:
> HOME键会被PhoneWindowManager的成员函数interceptKeyBeforeDispatching拦载,切换至Home App,这是通过post一个command到InputDispatcher的Command Queue去执行实现的
> findFocusedWindowTargetsLocked – 会调用checkInjectionPermission来检查当前处理的键盘事件是否是注入的,如果是的话,再检查注入者是否有权限。注入事件的时候也会做权限检查。
> 注入输入事件:
> 1. InputManagerService.injectInputEvent
> 2. InputDispatcher::injectInputEvent
> findFocusedWindowTargetsLocked还会检查上次分发给Target Window的输入事件是否已经有5s内处理完成,没有处理完成的话就会产生一个ANR Command,并且post到InputDispatcher的Command Queue去执行,最终的ANR窗口是通过mPolicy来通知AMS弹出的
* **InputDispatcher分发键盘事件 – InputDispatcher.dispatchMotionLocked**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/b231f9a975d0a151ba9e5b1283919758_741x476.png)
* **InputDispatcher分发键盘事件-- InputDispatcher.dispatchEventLocked**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/23f279a8b7716e21b7e71c48d762eec0_811x244.png)
* **InputDispatcher分发键盘事件-- InputDispatcher.prepareDispatchCycleLocked**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/e40f04876544e80e276918303046620d_869x491.png)
> 注:标志位的解释参见InputDispatcher.h
* **InputDispatcher分发键盘事件-- InputDispatcher.startDispatchCycleLocked**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/3359d23e797cc0a518552aae9fc33019_695x573.png)
* **InputDispatcher分发键盘事件—InputPublisher.publishKeyEvent**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/4c2d06837a09267288577dd6ecdb8910_510x482.png)
* **InputDispatcher分发键盘事件— InputChannel::sendMessage**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/d6ae9c6839b53ca36871786db2baeec5_679x141.png)
**App获得键盘事件**
* **App获得键盘事件— NativeInputEventReceiver.handleEvent**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/14c056aa1fec13ef3033cd4d2f5c04e5_756x126.png)
>注: 应用程序可以通过InputEventReceiver.nativeConsumeBatchedInputEvents来批量处理InputDispatcher分发过来的输入事件
* **App获得键盘事件—NativeInputEventReceiver.consumeEvents**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/2ffb05751c7a7cb445d226c78a81e2a1_842x611.png)
>注: InputConsumer.consumer的返回值等于WOULD_BLOCK时表示当前没有发生输入事件,这时候就会开始批量处理刚才缓存起来的输入事件
* **App获得键盘事件—InputComsumer.consume**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/1879169f6c0cfe7c0cb3793b860a4ba6_820x665.png)
> 注:AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_MOVE和AMOTION_EVENT_ACTION_HOVER_MOVE类型的事件会被缓存起来批量处理
* **App获得键盘事件—InputChannel.receiveMessage**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/41f5f1967bb53876b424e0ec4a8f3ef4_560x306.png)
* **App获得键盘事件—InputEventReceiver.dispatchInputEvent**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/834455503da85d52bfbcb3e9a8f8ac72_582x139.png)
* **App获得键盘事件—WindowInputEventReceiver.onInputEvent**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/ec941002ec5944ddd0e1b6d638e2a143_681x288.png)
* **App获得键盘事件—ViewRootImpl.enqueueInputEvent**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/427ceef05f71f75478d719f7985fca42_737x524.png)
**App获得键盘事件—ViewRootImpl. scheduleProcessInputEvents**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/f90d5f628a40ce5ead2e9ebc5ba4f48f_694x260.png)
* **App获得键盘事件—ViewRootImpl. doProcessInputEvents**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/230c756d827dcdc54d7bcb77a90061f5_722x295.png)
* **App获得键盘事件—ViewRootImpl. deliverInputEvent**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/3610528165f0809bef739f9376d349a3_728x410.png)
* **App获得键盘事件—ViewRootImpl. deliverKeyEvent**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/96ac4ab061ce149fda7e31cd0699eaf1_887x580.png)
* **App获得键盘事件—InputMethodCallback. finishedEvent**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/156a25656d545f8bf1be4a7d42930e09_869x376.png)
* **App获得键盘事件—ViewRootImpl.dispatchImeFinishedEvent**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/eeb9ec829e34e3b5271ece567a83d4ab_685x243.png)
* **App获得键盘事件—ViewRootImpl. handleImeFinishedEvent**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/4ca6c8f8321f0584ff0498565f4f5389_709x560.png)
* **App获得键盘事件—ViewRootImpl. deliverKeyEventPostIme**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/82f4ef134c42ed4d223dfb6545424601_681x359.png)
* **App获得键盘事件—DecorView. dispatchKeyEvent**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/7f892afa215bd71ff4f51c834d00ece8_878x531.png)
>注: getCallback返回的Callback接口指向当前Activity
> PhoneWindow.onKeyDown和PhoneWindow.onKeyUp会对MENU和BACK等实体键进行处理,对MENU键的处理对应于openPanel的实现,对BACK键的处理对应于closePanel的实现
* **App获得键盘事件—Activity.dispatchKeyEvent**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/c2e7157867021e3b15467e9074a6c649_574x344.png)
> 注:getWindow获得的是一个PhoneWindow
* **App获得键盘事件—PhoneWindow.superDispatchKeyEvent**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/265ad56e9955facad6c2899bb15d2333_706x606.png)
>注: DecorView.dispatchKeyEvent将KeyEvent分发给当前获得焦点的View处理
**在App中,依次获得键盘事件的顺序**
* View(Pre Input Method)
* Input Method
* View(Post Input Method)
* Activity
* Phone Window(处理MENU、BACK等按键)
**HOME按键被PhoneWindowManager拦截,直接切换至Home App**
**TextView、输入法和输入法管理器的关系**
![](https://docs.gechiui.com/gc-content/uploads/sites/kancloud/544fa15a79c6a20aa485a73ec5304bb7_637x315.png)
**输入法通过InputConnection.commitText分发过来的字符被封装成一个类型为FLAG_DELIVER_POST_IME的KeyEvent**
**在ViewRootImpl中,类型为FLAG_DELIVER_POST_IME的KeyEvent不用经过输入法处理,而直接通过deliverKeyEventPostIme分发给View Hierarchy处理**
**deliverKeyEventPostIme的处理过程与实体 键经过输入法处理后的过程是一样的**
* View
* Activity
* Phone Window
';