【50ETF期权】 4. Greeks 和隐含波动率微笑
最后更新于：2022-04-01 21:58:52
# 【50ETF期权】 4. Greeks 和隐含波动率微笑
> 来源：https://uqer.io/community/share/560769faf9f06c597165ef75
在本文中，我们将通过量化实验室提供的数据，计算上证50ETF期权的隐含波动率微笑。
```py
from CAL.PyCAL import *
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import rc
rc('mathtext', default='regular')
import seaborn as sns
sns.set_style('white')
import math
from scipy import interpolate
from scipy.stats import mstats
from pandas import Series, DataFrame, concat
import time
from matplotlib import dates
```
上海银行间同业拆借利率 SHIBOR，用来作为无风险利率参考
```py
## 银行间质押式回购利率
def getHistDayInterestRateInterbankRepo(date):
cal = Calendar('China.SSE')
period = Period('-10B')
begin = cal.advanceDate(date, period)
begin_str = begin.toISO().replace('-', '')
date_str = date.toISO().replace('-', '')
# 以下的indicID分别对应的银行间质押式回购利率周期为：
# 1D, 7D, 14D, 21D, 1M, 3M, 4M, 6M, 9M, 1Y
indicID = [u"M120000067", u"M120000068", u"M120000069", u"M120000070", u"M120000071",
u"M120000072", u"M120000073", u"M120000074", u"M120000075", u"M120000076"]
period = np.asarray([1.0, 7.0, 14.0, 21.0, 30.0, 90.0, 120.0, 180.0, 270.0, 360.0]) / 360.0
period_matrix = pd.DataFrame(index=indicID, data=period, columns=['period'])
field = u"indicID,indicName,publishTime,periodDate,dataValue,unit"
interbank_repo = DataAPI.ChinaDataInterestRateInterbankRepoGet(indicID=indicID,beginDate=begin_str,endDate=date_str,field=field,pandas="1")
interbank_repo = interbank_repo.groupby('indicID').first()
interbank_repo = concat([interbank_repo, period_matrix], axis=1, join='inner').sort_index()
return interbank_repo
## 银行间同业拆借利率
def getHistDaySHIBOR(date):
cal = Calendar('China.SSE')
period = Period('-10B')
begin = cal.advanceDate(date, period)
begin_str = begin.toISO().replace('-', '')
date_str = date.toISO().replace('-', '')
# 以下的indicID分别对应的SHIBOR周期为：
# 1D, 7D, 14D, 1M, 3M, 6M, 9M, 1Y
indicID = [u"M120000057", u"M120000058", u"M120000059", u"M120000060",
u"M120000061", u"M120000062", u"M120000063", u"M120000064"]
period = np.asarray([1.0, 7.0, 14.0, 30.0, 90.0, 180.0, 270.0, 360.0]) / 360.0
period_matrix = pd.DataFrame(index=indicID, data=period, columns=['period'])
field = u"indicID,indicName,publishTime,periodDate,dataValue,unit"
interest_shibor = DataAPI.ChinaDataInterestRateSHIBORGet(indicID=indicID,beginDate=begin_str,endDate=date_str,field=field,pandas="1")
interest_shibor = interest_shibor.groupby('indicID').first()
interest_shibor = concat([interest_shibor, period_matrix], axis=1, join='inner').sort_index()
return interest_shibor
## 插值得到给定的周期的无风险利率
def periodsSplineRiskFreeInterestRate(date, periods):
# 此处使用SHIBOR来插值
init_shibor = getHistDaySHIBOR(date)
shibor = {}
min_period = min(init_shibor.period.values)
min_period = 10.0/360.0
max_period = max(init_shibor.period.values)
for p in periods.keys():
tmp = periods[p]
if periods[p] > max_period:
tmp = max_period * 0.99999
elif periods[p] < min_period:
tmp = min_period * 1.00001
sh = interpolate.spline(init_shibor.period.values, init_shibor.dataValue.values, [tmp], order=3)
shibor[p] = sh[0]/100.0
return shibor
```
1. Greeks 和 隐含波动率计算
本文中计算的Greeks包括：
+ `delta` 期权价格关于标的价格的一阶导数
+ `gamma` 期权价格关于标的价格的二阶导数
+ `rho` 期权价格关于无风险利率的一阶导数
+ `theta` 期权价格关于到期时间的一阶导数
+ `vega` 期权价格关于波动率的一阶导数
注意：
+ 计算隐含波动率，我们采用Black-Scholes-Merton模型，此模型在平台Python包CAL中已有实现
+ 无风险利率使用SHIBOR
+ 期权的时间价值为负时(此种情况在50ETF期权里时有发生)，没法通过BSM模型计算隐含波动率，故此时将期权隐含波动率设为0.0，实际上，此时的隐含波动率和各风险指标并无实际参考价值
```py
## 使用DataAPI.OptGet, DataAPI.MktOptdGet拿到计算所需数据
def getOptDayData(opt_var_sec, date):
date_str = date.toISO().replace('-', '')
#使用DataAPI.OptGet，拿到已退市和上市的所有期权的基本信息
info_fields = [u'optID', u'varSecID', u'varShortName', u'varTicker', u'varExchangeCD', u'varType',
u'contractType', u'strikePrice', u'contMultNum', u'contractStatus', u'listDate',
u'expYear', u'expMonth', u'expDate', u'lastTradeDate', u'exerDate', u'deliDate',
u'delistDate']
opt_info = DataAPI.OptGet(optID='', contractStatus=[u"DE",u"L"], field=info_fields, pandas="1")
#使用DataAPI.MktOptdGet，拿到历史上某一天的期权成交信息
mkt_fields = [u'ticker', u'optID', u'secShortName', u'exchangeCD', u'tradeDate', u'preSettlePrice',
u'preClosePrice', u'openPrice', u'highestPrice', u'lowestPrice', u'closePrice',
u'settlPrice', u'turnoverVol', u'turnoverValue', u'openInt']
opt_mkt = DataAPI.MktOptdGet(tradeDate=date_str, field=mkt_fields, pandas = "1")
opt_info = opt_info.set_index(u"optID")
opt_mkt = opt_mkt.set_index(u"optID")
opt = concat([opt_info, opt_mkt], axis=1, join='inner').sort_index()
return opt
## 分析历史某一日的期权收盘价信息，得到隐含波动率微笑和期权风险指标
def getOptDayAnalysis(opt_var_sec, date):
opt = getOptDayData(opt_var_sec, date)
#使用DataAPI.MktFunddGet拿到期权标的的日行情
date_str = date.toISO().replace('-', '')
opt_var_mkt = DataAPI.MktFunddGet(secID=opt_var_sec,tradeDate=date_str,beginDate=u"",endDate=u"",field=u"",pandas="1")
#opt_var_mkt = DataAPI.MktFunddAdjGet(secID=opt_var_sec,beginDate=date_str,endDate=date_str,field=u"",pandas="1")
# 计算shibor
exp_dates_str = opt.expDate.unique()
periods = {}
for date_str in exp_dates_str:
exp_date = Date.parseISO(date_str)
periods[exp_date] = (exp_date - date)/360.0
shibor = periodsSplineRiskFreeInterestRate(date, periods)
settle = opt.settlPrice.values # 期权 settle price
close = opt.closePrice.values # 期权 close price
strike = opt.strikePrice.values # 期权 strike price
option_type = opt.contractType.values # 期权类型
exp_date_str = opt.expDate.values # 期权行权日期
eval_date_str = opt.tradeDate.values # 期权交易日期
mat_dates = []
eval_dates = []
spot = []
for epd, evd in zip(exp_date_str, eval_date_str):
mat_dates.append(Date.parseISO(epd))
eval_dates.append(Date.parseISO(evd))
spot.append(opt_var_mkt.closePrice[0])
time_to_maturity = [float(mat - eva + 1.0)/365.0 for (mat, eva) in zip(mat_dates, eval_dates)]
risk_free = [] # 无风险利率
for s, mat, time in zip(spot, mat_dates, time_to_maturity):
#rf = math.log(forward_price[mat] / s) / time
rf = shibor[mat]
risk_free.append(rf)
opt_types = [] # 期权类型
for t in option_type:
if t == 'CO':
opt_types.append(1)
else:
opt_types.append(-1)
# 使用通联CAL包中 BSMImpliedVolatity 计算隐含波动率
calculated_vol = BSMImpliedVolatity(opt_types, strike, spot, risk_free, 0.0, time_to_maturity, settle)
calculated_vol = calculated_vol.fillna(0.0)
# 使用通联CAL包中 BSMPrice 计算期权风险指标
greeks = BSMPrice(opt_types, strike, spot, risk_free, 0.0, calculated_vol.vol.values, time_to_maturity)
greeks.vega = greeks.vega #/ 100.0
greeks.rho = greeks.rho #/ 100.0
greeks.theta = greeks.theta #* 365.0 / 252.0 #/ 365.0
opt['strike'] = strike
opt['optType'] = option_type
opt['expDate'] = exp_date_str
opt['spotPrice'] = spot
opt['riskFree'] = risk_free
opt['timeToMaturity'] = np.around(time_to_maturity, decimals=4)
opt['settle'] = np.around(greeks.price.values.astype(np.double), decimals=4)
opt['iv'] = np.around(calculated_vol.vol.values.astype(np.double), decimals=4)
opt['delta'] = np.around(greeks.delta.values.astype(np.double), decimals=4)
opt['vega'] = np.around(greeks.vega.values.astype(np.double), decimals=4)
opt['gamma'] = np.around(greeks.gamma.values.astype(np.double), decimals=4)
opt['theta'] = np.around(greeks.theta.values.astype(np.double), decimals=4)
opt['rho'] = np.around(greeks.rho.values.astype(np.double), decimals=4)
fields = [u'ticker', u'contractType', u'strikePrice', u'expDate', u'tradeDate',
u'closePrice', u'settlPrice', 'spotPrice', u'iv',
u'delta', u'vega', u'gamma', u'theta', u'rho']
opt = opt[fields].reset_index().set_index('ticker').sort_index()
#opt['iv'] = opt.iv.replace(to_replace=0.0, value=np.nan)
return opt
```
尝试用 `getOptDayAnalysis` 计算 2015-09-24 这一天的风险指标
```py
# Uqer 计算期权的风险数据
opt_var_sec = u"510050.XSHG" # 期权标的
date = Date(2015, 9, 24)
option_risk = getOptDayAnalysis(opt_var_sec, date)
option_risk.head(2)
```
| | optID | contractType | strikePrice | expDate | tradeDate | closePrice | settlPrice | spotPrice | iv | delta | vega | gamma | theta | rho |
| --- | --- |
| ticker | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 510050C1510M01850 | 10000405 | CO | 1.85 | 2015-10-28 | 2015-09-24 | 0.3268 | 0.3555 | 2.187 | 0.4317 | 0.9101 | 0.1099 | 0.5550 | -0.2992 | 0.1568 |
| 510050C1510M01900 | 10000406 | CO | 1.90 | 2015-10-28 | 2015-09-24 | 0.2791 | 0.3102 | 2.187 | 0.4161 | 0.8810 | 0.1347 | 0.7058 | -0.3435 | 0.1550 |
进一步，我们和上交所给出的对应日期的风险指标参考数据对比一下
+ 上交所的数据需要自行下载，注意选择日期下载相应csv文件，http://www.sse.com.cn/assortment/derivatives/options/risk/
+ 下载完后，不做内容改动，请上传到UQER平台的 Data 中；文件名请相应修改，此处我设为了 `option_risk_sse_0924.csv`
+ 为了避免冗余，下面我们仅仅对比近月期权的各个风险指标
```py
# 读取上交所数据
def readRiskDataSSE(file_str):
# 按照上交所下载到的risk数据排版格式，做以处理
opt = pd.read_csv(file_str, encoding='gb2312').reset_index()
opt.columns = [['tradeDate','optID','ticker','secShortName','delta','theta','gamma','vega','rho','margin']]
opt = opt[['tradeDate','optID','ticker','delta','theta','gamma','vega','rho']]
opt['ticker'] = [tic[1:-2] for tic in opt['ticker']]
opt['tradeDate'] = [td[0:-1] for td in opt['tradeDate']]
#使用DataAPI.OptGet，拿到已退市和上市的所有期权的基本信息
info_fields = [u'optID', u'varSecID', u'varShortName', u'varTicker', u'varExchangeCD', u'varType',
u'contractType', u'strikePrice', u'contMultNum', u'contractStatus', u'listDate',
u'expYear', u'expMonth', u'expDate', u'lastTradeDate', u'exerDate', u'deliDate',
u'delistDate']
opt_info = DataAPI.OptGet(optID='', contractStatus=[u"DE",u"L"], field=info_fields, pandas="1")
# 上交所的数据和期权基本信息合并，得到比较完整的期权数据
opt_info = opt_info.set_index(u"optID")
opt = opt.set_index(u"optID")
opt = concat([opt_info, opt], axis=1, join='inner').sort_index()
fields = [u'ticker', u'contractType', u'strikePrice', u'expDate', u'tradeDate',
u'delta', u'vega', u'gamma', u'theta', u'rho']
opt = opt[fields].reset_index().set_index('ticker').sort_index()
return opt
```
读取 2015-09-24 上交所数据
```py
option_risk_sse = readRiskDataSSE('option_risk_sse_0924.csv')
option_risk_sse.head(2)
```
| | optID | contractType | strikePrice | expDate | tradeDate | delta | vega | gamma | theta | rho |
| --- | --- |
| ticker | | | | | | | | | | |
| 510050C1510M01850 | 10000405 | CO | 1.85 | 2015-10-28 | 2015-09-24 | 0.910 | 0.109 | 0.555 | -0.303 | 0.154 |
| 510050C1510M01900 | 10000406 | CO | 1.90 | 2015-10-28 | 2015-09-24 | 0.881 | 0.134 | 0.706 | -0.349 | 0.153 |
`getOptDayAnalysis` 函数计算结果和上交所数据的对比
```py
# 对比本文计算结果 option_risk 和上交所结果 option_risk_sse 中的近月期权风险指标
near_exp = np.sort(option_risk.expDate.unique())[0] # 近月期权行权日
opt_call_uqer = option_risk[option_risk.expDate==near_exp][option_risk.contractType=='CO'].set_index('strikePrice')
opt_call_sse = option_risk_sse[option_risk_sse.expDate==near_exp][option_risk_sse.contractType=='CO'].set_index('strikePrice')
opt_put_uqer = option_risk[option_risk.expDate==near_exp][option_risk.contractType=='PO'].set_index('strikePrice')
opt_put_sse = option_risk_sse[option_risk_sse.expDate==near_exp][option_risk_sse.contractType=='PO'].set_index('strikePrice')
## ----------------------------------------------
## 风险指标对比
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10,12))
fig.set_tight_layout(True)
# ------ Delta ------
ax = fig.add_subplot(321)
ax.plot(opt_call_uqer.index, opt_call_uqer['delta'], '-')
ax.plot(opt_call_sse.index, opt_call_sse['delta'], 's')
ax.plot(opt_put_uqer.index, opt_put_uqer['delta'], '-')
ax.plot(opt_put_sse.index, opt_put_sse['delta'], 's')
ax.legend(['call-uqer', 'call-sse', 'put-uqer', 'put-sse'])
ax.grid()
ax.set_xlabel(u"strikePrice")
ax.set_ylabel(r"Delta")
plt.title('Delta Comparison')
# ------ Theta ------
ax = fig.add_subplot(322)
ax.plot(opt_call_uqer.index, opt_call_uqer['theta'], '-')
ax.plot(opt_call_sse.index, opt_call_sse['theta'], 's')
ax.plot(opt_put_uqer.index, opt_put_uqer['theta'], '-')
ax.plot(opt_put_sse.index, opt_put_sse['theta'], 's')
ax.legend(['call-uqer', 'call-sse', 'put-uqer', 'put-sse'])
ax.grid()
ax.set_xlabel(u"strikePrice")
ax.set_ylabel(r"Theta")
plt.title('Theta Comparison')
# ------ Gamma ------
ax = fig.add_subplot(323)
ax.plot(opt_call_uqer.index, opt_call_uqer['gamma'], '-')
ax.plot(opt_call_sse.index, opt_call_sse['gamma'], 's')
ax.plot(opt_put_uqer.index, opt_put_uqer['gamma'], '-')
ax.plot(opt_put_sse.index, opt_put_sse['gamma'], 's')
ax.legend(['call-uqer', 'call-sse', 'put-uqer', 'put-sse'], loc=0)
ax.grid()
ax.set_xlabel(u"strikePrice")
ax.set_ylabel(r"Gamma")
plt.title('Gamma Comparison')
# # ------ Vega ------
ax = fig.add_subplot(324)
ax.plot(opt_call_uqer.index, opt_call_uqer['vega'], '-')
ax.plot(opt_call_sse.index, opt_call_sse['vega'], 's')
ax.plot(opt_put_uqer.index, opt_put_uqer['vega'], '-')
ax.plot(opt_put_sse.index, opt_put_sse['vega'], 's')
ax.legend(['call-uqer', 'call-sse', 'put-uqer', 'put-sse'], loc=4)
ax.grid()
ax.set_xlabel(u"strikePrice")
ax.set_ylabel(r"Vega")
plt.title('Vega Comparison')
# ------ Rho ------
ax = fig.add_subplot(325)
ax.plot(opt_call_uqer.index, opt_call_uqer['rho'], '-')
ax.plot(opt_call_sse.index, opt_call_sse['rho'], 's')
ax.plot(opt_put_uqer.index, opt_put_uqer['rho'], '-')
ax.plot(opt_put_sse.index, opt_put_sse['rho'], 's')
ax.legend(['call-uqer', 'call-sse', 'put-uqer', 'put-sse'], loc=3)
ax.grid()
ax.set_xlabel(u"strikePrice")
ax.set_ylabel(r"Rho")
plt.title('Rho Comparison')
```
上述五张图中，对于近月期权，我们分别对比了五个Greeks风险指标：`Delta`， `Theta`， `Gamma`， `Vega`， `Rho`：
+ 每张图中，`Call` 和 `Put` 分开比较，横轴为行权价
+ 可以看出，本文中的计算结果和上交所的参考数值符合的比较好
+ 在接下来的50ETF期权分析中，我们将使用本文中的计算方法来计算期权隐含波动率和Greeks风险指标
把上面的数据整理整理，格式更简洁一点
```py
# 每日期权分析数据整理
def getOptDayGreeksIV(date):
# Uqer 计算期权的风险数据
opt_var_sec = u"510050.XSHG" # 期权标的
opt = getOptDayAnalysis(opt_var_sec, date)
# 整理数据部分
opt.index = [index[-10:] for index in opt.index]
opt = opt[['contractType','strikePrice','expDate','closePrice','iv','delta','theta','gamma','vega','rho']]
opt_call = opt[opt.contractType=='CO']
opt_put = opt[opt.contractType=='PO']
opt_call.columns = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([('Call', c) for c in opt_call.columns])
opt_call[('Call-Put', 'strikePrice')] = opt_call[('Call', 'strikePrice')]
opt_put.columns = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([('Put', c) for c in opt_put.columns])
opt = concat([opt_call, opt_put], axis=1, join='inner').sort_index()
opt = opt.set_index(('Call','expDate')).sort_index()
opt = opt.drop([('Call','contractType'), ('Call','strikePrice')], axis=1)
opt = opt.drop([('Put','expDate'), ('Put','contractType'), ('Put','strikePrice')], axis=1)
opt.index.name = 'expDate'
## 以上得到完整的历史某日数据，格式简洁明了
return opt
```
```py
date = Date(2015, 9, 24)
option_risk = getOptDayGreeksIV(date)
option_risk.head(10)
```
| | Call | Call-Put | Put |
| --- | --- |
| closePrice | iv | delta | theta | gamma | vega | rho | strikePrice | closePrice | iv | delta | theta | gamma | vega | rho |
| expDate | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2015-10-28 | 0.3268 | 0.4317 | 0.9101 | -0.2992 | 0.5550 | 0.1099 | 0.1568 | 1.85 | 0.0129 | 0.4319 | -0.0900 | -0.2410 | 0.5551 | 0.1100 | -0.0201 |
| 2015-10-28 | 0.2791 | 0.4161 | 0.8810 | -0.3435 | 0.7058 | 0.1347 | 0.1550 | 1.90 | 0.0176 | 0.4174 | -0.1197 | -0.2854 | 0.7063 | 0.1352 | -0.0268 |
| 2015-10-28 | 0.2360 | 0.3990 | 0.8449 | -0.3862 | 0.8823 | 0.1615 | 0.1517 | 1.95 | 0.0232 | 0.3992 | -0.1552 | -0.3247 | 0.8822 | 0.1615 | -0.0348 |
| 2015-10-28 | 0.1955 | 0.1811 | 0.9532 | -0.1225 | 0.7980 | 0.0663 | 0.1811 | 2.00 | 0.0345 | 0.4020 | -0.2105 | -0.3940 | 1.0601 | 0.1954 | -0.0474 |
| 2015-10-28 | 0.1599 | 0.2453 | 0.8237 | -0.2764 | 1.5588 | 0.1754 | 0.1574 | 2.05 | 0.0474 | 0.3975 | -0.2703 | -0.4441 | 1.2290 | 0.2241 | -0.0612 |
| 2015-10-28 | 0.1275 | 0.2698 | 0.7137 | -0.3696 | 1.8625 | 0.2304 | 0.1374 | 2.10 | 0.0643 | 0.3952 | -0.3381 | -0.4847 | 1.3660 | 0.2476 | -0.0771 |
| 2015-10-28 | 0.0990 | 0.2814 | 0.6081 | -0.4208 | 2.0162 | 0.2602 | 0.1180 | 2.15 | 0.0869 | 0.4013 | -0.4114 | -0.5200 | 1.4317 | 0.2635 | -0.0946 |
| 2015-10-28 | 0.0768 | 0.2955 | 0.5057 | -0.4489 | 1.9934 | 0.2701 | 0.0987 | 2.20 | 0.1146 | 0.4121 | -0.4836 | -0.5428 | 1.4284 | 0.2699 | -0.1124 |
| 2015-10-28 | 0.0584 | 0.3068 | 0.4132 | -0.4487 | 1.8746 | 0.2637 | 0.0810 | 2.25 | 0.1450 | 0.4200 | -0.5517 | -0.5438 | 1.3908 | 0.2679 | -0.1296 |
| 2015-10-28 | 0.0470 | 0.3264 | 0.3381 | -0.4434 | 1.6538 | 0.2476 | 0.0664 | 2.30 | 0.1826 | 0.4426 | -0.6091 | -0.5520 | 1.2809 | 0.2600 | -0.1452 |
## 2. 隐含波动率微笑
利用上一小节的代码，给出隐含波动率微笑结构
隐含波动率微笑
```py
# 做图展示某一天的隐含波动率微笑
def plotSmileVolatility(date):
# Uqer 计算期权的风险数据
opt = getOptDayGreeksIV(date)
# 下面展示波动率微笑
exp_dates = np.sort(opt.index.unique())
## ----------------------------------------------
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10,8))
fig.set_tight_layout(True)
for i in range(exp_dates.shape[0]):
date = exp_dates[i]
ax = fig.add_subplot(2,2,i+1)
opt_date = opt[opt.index==date].set_index(('Call-Put', 'strikePrice'))
opt_date.index.name = 'strikePrice'
ax.plot(opt_date.index, opt_date[('Call', 'iv')], '-o')
ax.plot(opt_date.index, opt_date[('Put', 'iv')], '-s')
ax.legend(['call', 'put'], loc=0)
ax.grid()
ax.set_xlabel(u"strikePrice")
ax.set_ylabel(r"Implied Volatility")
plt.title(exp_dates[i])
```
```py
plotSmileVolatility(Date(2015,9,24))
```
行权价和行权日期两个方向上的隐含波动率微笑
```py
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
from matplotlib import cm
# 做图展示某一天的隐含波动率结构
def plotSmileVolatilitySurface(date):
# Uqer 计算期权的风险数据
opt = getOptDayGreeksIV(date)
# 下面展示波动率结构
exp_dates = np.sort(opt.index.unique())
strikes = np.sort(opt[('Call-Put', 'strikePrice')].unique())
risk_mt = {'Call': pd.DataFrame(index=strikes),
'Put': pd.DataFrame(index=strikes) }
# 将数据整理成Call和Put分开来，分别的结构为：
# 行为行权价，列为剩余到期天数（以自然天数计算）
for epd in exp_dates:
exp_days = Date.parseISO(epd) - date
opt_date = opt[opt.index==epd].set_index(('Call-Put', 'strikePrice'))
opt_date.index.name = 'strikePrice'
for cp in risk_mt.keys():
risk_mt[cp][exp_days] = opt_date[(cp, 'iv')]
for cp in risk_mt.keys():
for strike in risk_mt[cp].index:
if np.sum(np.isnan(risk_mt[cp].ix[strike])) > 0:
risk_mt[cp] = risk_mt[cp].drop(strike)
# Call和Put分开显示，行index为行权价，列index为剩余到期天数
#print risk_mt
# 画图
for cp in ['Call', 'Put']:
opt = risk_mt[cp]
x = []
y = []
z = []
for xx in opt.index:
for yy in opt.columns:
x.append(xx)
y.append(yy)
z.append(opt[yy][xx])
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10,8))
fig.suptitle(cp)
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
ax.plot_trisurf(x, y, z, cmap=cm.jet, linewidth=0.2)
return risk_mt
```
画出某一天的波动率微笑曲面结构
```py
opt = plotSmileVolatilitySurface(Date(2015,9,24))
opt # Call和Put分开显示，行index为行权价，列index为剩余到期天数
{'Call': 34 62 90 181
2.10 0.2698 0.2817 0.2823 0.3042
2.15 0.2814 0.2888 0.2916 0.3063
2.20 0.2955 0.3008 0.2922 0.3237
2.25 0.3068 0.3067 0.3093 0.3157
2.30 0.3264 0.3155 0.3128 0.3172,
'Put': 34 62 90 181
2.10 0.3952 0.4403 0.4740 0.4449
2.15 0.4013 0.4442 0.4794 0.4632
2.20 0.4121 0.4498 0.4802 0.4451
2.25 0.4200 0.4581 0.4863 0.4547
2.30 0.4426 0.4673 0.4893 0.4691}
```
波动率曲面结构图中：
+ 上图为Call，下图为Put，此处没有进行任何插值处理，所以略显粗糙
+ Put的隐含波动率明显大于Call
+ 期限结构来说，波动率呈现远高近低的特征
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